Iowa Department of Public Health MRSA FAQ's 
MRSA Policy/Procedure Checklist for Athletic Programs
What is MRSA?
MRSA is an infection caused by a group of bacteria called staphylococcus aureus. There are many different types of staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria are usually found on the skin and are often responsible for pimples and boils.
MRSA is a particular type or ‘strain’ of staphylococcus aureus that is resistantto many antibiotics. These antibiotics include methicillin, which is a type of penicillin. So the letters MRSA stand for ‘methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus’.
MRSA was first seen in several countries the 1960s. With increasing use of antibiotics, new strains of MRSA have developed over the past 20 years. These new resistant strains can develop because some bacteria may not be destroyed by a course of antibiotics due to having particular characterists that protect them from the antibiotic. These bacteria then grow and divide in the body to produce a strain that is resistant to the antibiotic treatment. If antibiotics are used too often and inapropriately, it becomes more likely that bacteria will adapt to them and become resistant.
How does MRSA spread?
Because staphylococcus aureus bacteria live on the skin they are easily spread by direct skin contact, often on people’s hands. MRSA is also spread on bedding, towels, clothing and equipment. This is one reason why strict hygiene measures are so important.
What are the symptoms of MRSA?
Symptoms of MRSA depend on the part of the body that is infected. They may include
- Skin that is red, swollen or tender
- Wounds that are slow to heal or become septic
- Boils or abscesses in any part of the body
- Fever, tiredness and headache in more severe infections
What is the treatment for MRSA?
MRSA infections are still often treatable with antibiotics, but because many standard antibiotics don’t work, your doctor will need to prescribe particular types of antibiotics. You will usually have these antibiotics administered intravenously.
Can spread of MRSA be prevented?
If you are worried about getting MRSA there are some measures you can take yourself:
- Keep your hands and body as clean as possible
- Don’t share equipment, soap or towels
- Wash athletic clothing daily
- Cover all open cuts prior to any activity
- Always wash your hands after using the restroom and before meals
- Take antibiotics as instructed and always finish the course